Have you ever noticed your feline friend obsessively licking off all their fur, leaving behind a nearly bald belly or peculiar hairless patches on their body? This behavior, known as "fur mowing," can be a source of concern for cat owners. It often raises questions about whether it's a psychological issue or a medical condition. In this article, we'll explore the causes of fur mowing in cats and the steps to take to address this peculiar behavior.
Why Do Cats Mow Their Fur?
First and foremost, it's essential to understand that most cats that engage in fur mowing are not suffering from mental illness. This behavior is typically driven by a physical sensation: itching. Cats are known for their grooming habits, and when they itch, they may resort to excessive licking, leading to fur loss. Let's delve into the common reasons behind fur mowing:
- Itching: The primary cause of fur mowing in cats is itching. Cats lick their fur to alleviate the discomfort caused by various underlying factors.
Recognizing Fur Mowing: Is It Really Fur Loss?
While some owners may observe their cats actively licking the affected area, many cats tend to do this grooming when no one is watching. Unlike dogs, who may develop red, oozy, and unpleasant-looking hot spots when they itch, cats often display a more refined behavior. They meticulously lick their fur away, leaving the skin beneath intact, without scabs or redness. However, in some cases, a mowing cat may have isolated hot spots or scabbed areas amid the bald patches.
To determine if the hair loss is due to itching rather than natural shedding, a trichogram can be performed. This test involves plucking a hair from the affected area and examining it under a microscope. A broken, flat end of the hair suggests it was chewed off, indicating itching as the likely cause.
Obvious Reasons for Itching: Rule Out Fleas
Before jumping into extensive testing, it's crucial to rule out obvious causes of itching. One such cause is a flea infestation. Even if you don't see live fleas or flea dirt (small black specks) in your cat's fur, it doesn't necessarily mean fleas aren't to blame. Cats are adept groomers and can remove all traces of fleas. Therefore, thorough and regular flea control is the first step in addressing fur mowing.
Hidden Allergies, Parasites, and Ringworm: The Not-So-Obvious Causes
If fleas are ruled out, but the itching persists, it's time to investigate less obvious culprits. The following non-invasive tests can help identify underlying issues:
- Skin Scrapes: To check for mites like Demodex, Notoedres, or Cheyletiella, as well as other skin abnormalities.
- Fecal Flotation Test: To detect intestinal parasites that may contribute to itching.
- Otoscope Examination: To inspect the ears for ear mites, which can migrate and cause itching in other areas.
- Wood's Light Examination: To detect ringworm fungus, which may cause fur loss. A culture for ringworm is also conducted.
Moving Forward: Diagnostic Approaches
If the initial tests don't yield answers, more in-depth investigations may be necessary. Here are some diagnostic approaches your veterinarian might consider:
- Skin Biopsy: This procedure involves taking small skin samples for examination by a specialized pathologist. A normal biopsy result suggests psychogenic mowing, while abnormal findings can point to allergies, parasites, or other skin conditions.
- Food Allergy Trial: The only way to confirm a food allergy is to conduct a dietary trial using a hypoallergenic diet. This trial typically lasts for two months, during which time the cat is fed a novel or hydrolyzed protein diet. Improvement in the cat's condition on the hypoallergenic diet indicates a food allergy.
- Flea Control Trial: A rigorous flea control regimen should be maintained for at least 6-8 weeks. If the cat's symptoms improve during this period, fleas are likely the cause of the itching.
- Demodectic Mange Dipping Trial: If Demodex mites are suspected, the cat can undergo treatment with lime sulfur dips. Improvement in hair regrowth or reduced licking suggests Demodex infestation.
- Steroid Trial: Administering cortisone-type treatment for three to four weeks can help determine if the mowing is steroid-responsive. A positive response can provide insights into potential causes, such as flea allergies, airborne allergies, food allergies, or demodicosis.
Psychogenic Mowing: Addressing Mental Health
In cases where all medical conditions have been ruled out, the mowing behavior may be classified as psychogenic. This implies that the cat's excessive licking is driven by psychological factors such as anxiety or boredom. In such instances, environmental enrichment is crucial. Cats should have access to toys, engaging games, and attention from their owners. Products like Feliway® and mood-stabilizing supplements can also help reduce anxiety. In severe cases, medication for anxiety may be considered.
Navigating the Mystery of Fur Mowing
Fur mowing in cats can be a perplexing issue for both pet owners and veterinarians. It is crucial to approach the problem systematically, ruling out medical causes before considering psychogenic factors. By understanding the underlying reasons for fur mowing and conducting the appropriate tests, you can help your feline companion find relief from itching and discomfort, leading to a happier and healthier life.
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